verb HSK 5
Traditional
duàn
to forge · to temper · to hammer (metal)

Meaning

means to forge or hammer metal, especially through heating and shaping. It originally referred to the metalworking process of repeatedly heating and hammering metal to strengthen it. The character is commonly used in modern Chinese as part of compound words related to physical training and metal forging.

Usage

This character rarely appears alone in modern Mandarin. It's almost always part of compound words, most commonly 炼 (duànliàn - to exercise/train). When used independently in classical or technical contexts, it specifically refers to the metalworking process of forging.

Examples

  1. 01
    这把剑是用传统方法造的。
    Zhè jiàn shì yòng chuántǒng fāngfǎ duànzào de.
    This sword was forged using traditional methods.
  2. 02
    铁匠正在打铁器。
    Tiějiàng zhèngzài duàndǎ tiěqì.
    The blacksmith is forging iron tools.

Common collocations

  • 炼身体
    duànliàn shēntǐ
    to exercise one's body
  • 造技术
    duànzào jìshù
    forging technique

Origin

The traditional form contains the metal radical 金 (jīn) on the left, indicating its connection to metalworking, and 段 (duàn) on the right providing the phonetic component. The character's original meaning of forging metal through repeated heating and hammering later extended metaphorically to mean tempering or training.

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