pronoun / determiner HSK 1
that · those · then · in that case

Meaning

is one of the most basic demonstrative pronouns in Mandarin, pointing to something distant from the speaker (comparable to 'that' in English). It contrasts with 这 (zhè, 'this') which refers to things closer to the speaker. can modify nouns directly or stand alone as a pronoun.

Usage

is used constantly in everyday speech to point out people, things, or situations that are not immediately near the speaker. It can also mean 'then' or 'in that case' when used as a conjunction at the start of a sentence. Native speakers often pronounce it as 'nèi' before measure words (个 sounds like 'nèige').

Examples

  1. 01
    是我的书。
    shì de shū.
    That is my book.
  2. 02
    我们明天见吧。
    men míng tiān jiàn ba.
    Then let's meet tomorrow.

Common collocations

  • ge
    that one
  • there
  • me
    so, then, like that
  • 时候
    shí hou
    at that time

Antonyms

Origin

is an ancient character that has served as a demonstrative pronoun since classical Chinese. Its original form combined semantic elements suggesting distance or pointing away from the speaker.

Related