noun / adjective HSK 4
jīng shén
spirit · mind · essence · vigor · vitality · energetic

Meaning

精神 refers to one's mental state, spirit, or vitality. It can describe both abstract concepts like the essence or core meaning of something, and concrete states like being energetic or having good spirits. The word encompasses both psychological well-being and physical energy levels.

Usage

When used as an adjective meaning 'energetic', 精神 typically appears in phrases like 很精神 (very energetic/spirited) or 看起来很精神 (look very energetic). As a noun, it often refers to mental state, morale, or the essential spirit/meaning of something. Common in both casual and formal contexts.

Examples

  1. 01
    他今天看起来很精神
    jīn tiān kàn lái hěn jīng shén.
    He looks very energetic today.
  2. 02
    我们要学习雷锋精神
    men yào xué Léi Fēng jīng shén.
    We should learn from Lei Feng's spirit.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 精神状态
    jīng shén zhuàng tài
    mental state
  • 精神面貌
    jīng shén miàn mào
    mental outlook, morale
  • 团队精神
    tuán duì jīng shén
    team spirit
  • 精神
    jīng shén bìng
    mental illness

Antonyms

Origin

Combines 精 (essence, refined) and 神 (spirit, divine), literally meaning 'refined spirit' or 'essential spirit', reflecting the traditional Chinese concept of vital energy and mental essence.

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