adverb / noun HSK 5
jiū jìng
actually · exactly · after all · in the end · outcome

Meaning

究竟 primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'actually' or 'exactly,' used to probe for the real truth or emphasize a question about what truly happened. It can also be used as a noun meaning 'outcome' or 'the bottom of things,' though this usage is less common in modern speech.

Usage

Most commonly appears in questions to intensify inquiry (究竟是什么?). Can also appear in statements to mean 'after all' or 'in the final analysis.' The tone is often one of seeking clarity or emphasizing that something should be determined definitively. Slightly formal or emphatic compared to neutral question words.

Examples

  1. 01
    究竟想要什么?
    jiū jìng xiǎng yào shén me?
    What exactly do you want?
  2. 02
    究竟还是来了。
    jiū jìng hái shì lái le.
    He came after all.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 究竟是什么
    jiū jìng shì shén me
    what exactly is it
  • 究竟怎么回事
    jiū jìng zěn me huí shì
    what exactly is going on
  • 究竟为什么
    jiū jìng wèi shén me
    why exactly

Origin

Combines 究 (to investigate thoroughly) and 竟 (to reach the end), creating the sense of 'investigating to the very end' or 'getting to the bottom of things.'

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