Meaning
民法 refers to the body of law that governs private relationships between individuals and organizations, including matters like contracts, property, family relations, and torts. It is distinguished from criminal law, which deals with offenses against the state.
Usage
This is a formal legal term commonly used in legal contexts, academic discussions, and news about legislation. Native speakers use it when discussing legal rights, disputes, or the legal system. The term appears frequently in phrases like '民法典' (Civil Code) which is China's comprehensive civil law legislation enacted in 2021.
Examples
- 01中国的民法典于2021年1月1日正式实施。.China's Civil Code officially came into effect on January 1, 2021.
- 02这个案件应该按照民法来处理。.This case should be handled according to civil law.
Characters
Measure words
- 部一部民法
Common collocations
- 民法典Civil Code
- 民法通则General Principles of Civil Law
- 民法规定civil law provisions
- 根据民法according to civil law
Antonyms
Origin
The term combines 民 (people/citizens) and 法 (law), literally meaning 'law of the people.' It distinguishes laws governing private citizens' affairs from criminal law (刑法) or administrative law (行政法).