verb HSK 4
qiàn
to owe · to lack · to be deficient

Meaning

primarily means to owe someone something, whether money, favors, or abstract things like apologies. It can also mean to lack or be insufficient in something. The character depicts a person leaning forward with an open mouth, suggesting the idea of lacking or needing something.

Usage

is commonly used in both financial contexts (owing money) and social contexts (owing favors or apologies). It often appears in the pattern ...的 to indicate what is owed. Native speakers frequently use it in phrases like 债 (to be in debt) and 钱 (to owe money).

Examples

  1. 01
    我还他一百块钱。
    hái qiàn yībǎi kuài qián.
    I still owe him one hundred yuan.
  2. 02
    我一个解释。
    qiàn yīgè jiěshì.
    You owe me an explanation.

Common collocations

  • qiàn qián
    to owe money
  • qiàn zhài
    to be in debt
  • qiàn quē
    to lack, deficiency
  • tuō qiàn
    to be in arrears, to default on payment

Antonyms

Origin

The character depicts a person with mouth open, yawning or gasping, suggesting a need or deficiency. This visual representation evolved to mean owing or lacking.

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