Meaning
A scientific term referring to the thread-like structures in cell nuclei that carry genetic information. The term literally means '染 (dye/stain) + 色 (color) + 体 (body)', reflecting how chromosomes appear darkly colored when stained under a microscope for observation.
Usage
This is a technical biological term used primarily in scientific, medical, and educational contexts. Native speakers encounter it in biology classes, genetics discussions, or medical diagnoses. It's not used in everyday casual conversation unless discussing science or health topics involving genetics.
Examples
- 01人类有23对染色体。.Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
- 02这种遗传病是由染色体异常引起的。.This genetic disease is caused by chromosomal abnormalities.
Characters
Measure words
- 条一条染色体
- 对23对染色体
Common collocations
- 性染色体sex chromosome
- 染色体异常chromosomal abnormality
- 染色体突变chromosomal mutation
- X染色体X chromosome
Origin
This is a modern scientific translation term coined in the early 20th century when Western biology was introduced to China. The name describes how chromosomes take up staining dyes and become visible as colored bodies under microscopy.