adjective HSK 1
xīn
new · fresh · novel · recently

Meaning

is one of the most fundamental adjectives in Mandarin, meaning 'new' in contrast to old or used. It describes things that are recent, fresh, unused, or modern. The character shows an axe (斤) cutting wood (立 + 木), symbolizing freshly cut timber.

Usage

is extremely common in everyday speech and appears in countless compounds. It can modify nouns directly (书 'new book') or appear in set phrases. When describing people, typically refers to their status or role (人 'newcomer') rather than their physical newness. It often combines with other characters to form words related to renewal and modernity.

Examples

  1. 01
    我买了一台电脑。
    mǎile tái xīn diànnǎo.
    I bought a new computer.
  2. 02
    她穿着衣服去参加婚礼。
    chuānzhe xīn yīfu cānjiā hūnlǐ.
    She wore new clothes to attend the wedding.

Common collocations

  • xīnnián
    New Year
  • xīnwén
    news
  • xīn de
    new one(s)
  • quánxīn
    brand new, completely new

Antonyms

Origin

The character combines 斤 (axe) with 立 (stand) and 木 (wood/tree), depicting freshly cut timber, symbolizing something new and unused.

Related