Meaning
斗争 refers to intense struggle or conflict, often ideological, political, or against difficult circumstances. It carries connotations of prolonged effort against opposition or adversity. The word was especially prominent in revolutionary and Maoist political discourse, where it described class struggle and political campaigns.
Usage
While historically associated with political movements, 斗争 is still used today to describe serious struggles against challenges, injustice, or difficult situations. It's more formal and intense than 努力 (effort) or 奋斗 (to strive). Common in written Chinese and formal speech. The phrase 与...斗争 (to struggle against...) is frequently used.
Examples
- 01他一生都在与疾病斗争。.He struggled against illness his entire life.
- 02工人们为争取权利进行了长期的斗争。.The workers carried out a long-term struggle to fight for their rights.
Characters
Common collocations
- 与...斗争...to struggle against...
- 阶级斗争class struggle
- 斗争精神fighting spirit
- 艰苦斗争arduous struggle
Antonyms
Origin
斗 originally meant 'to fight' or 'to contend', while 争 means 'to争 contend' or 'to strive'. Together they emphasize active confrontation and struggle.