verb / bound morpheme HSK 5
Traditional
fèn
to exert oneself · to strive · to raise · to rouse

Meaning

primarily means to exert effort or strive with vigor. It rarely appears alone in modern Mandarin but is a key component in many compound words related to effort, struggle, and vigorous action. The character conveys a sense of rousing oneself or raising one's spirit to act energetically.

Usage

This character is almost always used as part of compound words rather than standalone. Native speakers commonly use it in formal or literary contexts when describing determined effort or struggle. Common compounds include 斗 (to struggle/strive), 力 (with all one's strength), and 兴 (excited).

Examples

  1. 01
    我们要为实现目标而斗。
    Wǒmen yào wèi shíxiàn mùbiāo ér fèndòu.
    We must strive to achieve our goals.
  2. 02
    力向前游去。
    fènlì xiàng qián yóu .
    He swam forward with all his strength.

Antonyms

Origin

The traditional form shows a bird (隹) with the radical for big/great (大) and field (田), suggesting the image of a bird powerfully raising itself in flight, metaphorically extended to mean exerting effort or rousing oneself.

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