noun HSK 5
Traditional 聲母
shēng
initial consonant · onset (in phonetics)

Meaning

声母 refers to the initial consonant sound in a Chinese syllable. In Mandarin phonology, every syllable can be analyzed as having an optional 声母 (initial) followed by a 韵母 (final). There are 21 声母 in standard Mandarin, such as b, p, m, f, d, t, etc. Some syllables have no initial consonant and are considered to have a zero 声母.

Usage

This is a technical linguistic term primarily used in language teaching, phonetics study, and dictionary organization. Native speakers learn this concept in elementary school when studying pinyin. It's essential for understanding Chinese phonetic structure and is commonly taught to foreign learners alongside 韵母 (finals) and 声调 (tones).

Examples

  1. 01
    汉语拼音中一共有21个声母
    Hànyǔ pīnyīn zhōng yīgòng yǒu 21 shēng .
    There are 21 initial consonants in total in Hanyu Pinyin.
  2. 02
    学好声母是掌握正确发音的第一步。
    Xué hǎo shēng shì zhǎngwò zhèngquè fāyīn de .
    Learning initials well is the first step in mastering correct pronunciation.

Characters

Measure words

  • 21个声母

Common collocations

  • 声母
    shēng biǎo
    initial consonant chart
  • 学习声母
    xué shēng
    to study initials
  • 声母和韵母
    shēng yùn
    initials and finals

Origin

The term literally means 'sound mother' or 'voice mother,' where 母 metaphorically represents a fundamental element or base component. This naming reflects the foundational role of initial consonants in building Chinese syllables.

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