noun / locative / adjective HSK 1
Traditional
hòu
back · behind · after · later · rear

Meaning

is a fundamental spatial and temporal word meaning 'back' or 'behind' in physical space, and 'after' or 'later' in time. It's one of the first position words learners encounter and is extremely common in everyday speech.

Usage

typically follows the reference point (e.g., 房子 'behind the house'). It's also used in time expressions like 以 (yǐhòu, 'after/later') and 来 (hòulái, 'afterwards'). In modern usage, the simplified form has merged meanings of both (ruler/queen) and (behind), though is still used in traditional Chinese for the spatial/temporal meaning.

Examples

  1. 01
    我的房间在教室面。
    de fángjiān zài jiàoshì hòumiàn.
    My room is behind the classroom.
  2. 02
    我们吃完饭以去散步吧。
    Wǒmen chī wán fàn yǐhòu sànbù ba.
    Let's go for a walk after we finish eating.

Common collocations

  • hòumiàn
    behind, at the back
  • yǐhòu
    after, later
  • hòutiān
    the day after tomorrow
  • zhīhòu
    after, afterwards

Antonyms

Origin

The traditional character originally depicted a person walking slowly, suggesting following behind. The simplified form originally meant 'sovereign' or 'queen' but was adopted to replace in mainland China.

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