verb HSK 5
Traditional 出賣
chū mài
to sell out · to betray · to sell

Meaning

出卖 primarily means to betray someone or to sell out, often involving a breach of trust or loyalty. It can also mean literally to sell goods, though this usage is less common in modern Mandarin. The word carries a negative connotation when referring to betrayal of people, secrets, or principles.

Usage

Most commonly used in contexts of betrayal, such as betraying friends, country, or ideals. When used literally for selling goods, it sounds more formal or literary than everyday words like 卖. Native speakers frequently use this in political, historical, or dramatic contexts to describe treachery or selling out one's principles for personal gain.

Examples

  1. 01
    他为了钱出卖了自己的朋友。
    wèi le qián chū mài le de péng yǒu.
    He betrayed his friends for money.
  2. 02
    这个间谍出卖了国家机密。
    Zhè ge jiàn dié chū mài le guó jiā .
    This spy sold out national secrets.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 出卖朋友
    chū mài péng yǒu
    to betray friends
  • 出卖国家
    chū mài guó jiā
    to betray one's country
  • 出卖灵魂
    chū mài líng hún
    to sell one's soul
  • 出卖情报
    chū mài qíng bào
    to sell out intelligence/secrets

Antonyms

Origin

The combination of 出 (to go out) and 卖 (to sell) literally suggests 'selling out,' which extends metaphorically from selling goods to selling out people or principles.

Related