measure word / noun HSK 2
jiàn
(measure word for items, matters, clothing) · piece · item · matter

Meaning

is primarily used as a measure word for counting individual items, particularly clothing, luggage, documents, and abstract matters or events. It emphasizes the discrete, countable nature of things. As a standalone noun, it can mean 'piece' or 'item'.

Usage

This is one of the most common measure words in Mandarin. Use it for upper-body clothing (shirts, coats, sweaters), pieces of luggage, documents,事 (matters/affairs), and作品 (works of art). Native speakers use it frequently in both spoken and written Chinese across all registers.

Examples

  1. 01
    我买了三毛衣。
    mǎi le sān jiàn máo .
    I bought three sweaters.
  2. 02
    事很重要。
    Zhè jiàn shì hěn zhòng yào.
    This matter is very important.

Common collocations

  • 衣服
    jiàn fu
    a piece of clothing
  • jiàn shì
    a matter, an affair
  • zhè jiàn shì
    this matter
  • 行李
    jiàn xíng li
    several pieces of luggage

Origin

The character combines 亻(person radical) and 牛 (ox), originally suggesting something that can be distinguished or separated, like counting cattle. Over time it evolved into a general counter for discrete objects.

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